Feldt



(No Model.)

T D L H A N GG R M 0 m .1 HT N Patented July 16 lM/ESSES:

S ra n NlCHOLAS ii. BORGFELDT, OF BROXTBilflx'lT, NEW' QPECIFXGATIQNfanning part of Letters Patent No. lfifliifii, defied July 16, 3.8 31,

Appl cation filed November 19, 1888. Serial lie. 291,203. (1% model.)

To all whom it may con-name.-

Be it known that I, NICHOLAS ii. BORG- FELDT, of the city of Brooklyn,county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented an improvedFog-Signal Indicator for Vessels, of which the following is aspecification, reference being had to the accompanying draw .ings, inwhich- Figure 1 is a plan view, and Fig 2 a vertical section, on theline' 0 (,1, Fig. l, of my in:- proved fog-signal indicator. j

The object of thisinvention is to enable the masters of steam and othervessels on the high seas and other waterways to ascertain definitely thedirection in which other vessels hidden by fog'are moving with respectto the motion of their own craft and the distance between the vessels.It is exceedingly difficult, by the mere sense of hearing, to know fromWhat direction a sound emanates. The master of a vessel in a fog,hearing the signal of another vessel, cannot definitely know whetherthat other vessel apprmicheshini or recedes from him from either theport or starboard side. By my invention this dii'iieuli-y sought. to beovercome; and itconsisisprincipally in a clock having a inovahlediandand he. ing a dial which isdivided in a particular manner, hereinafterdoscriliidso as to indicate distance instead oi. merely indicatingtinie-that is to say, it indicates distance by reckoning the timeconsumed for the sound to travel.

The inveniionconsisis n tin: arrangement or the (Bionic-dial and itsnppurionaneos, as hereinafter more fully deserilied.

In the drawings, the letter A represents a clock-work, of ordinary orsuitable (-onstruw tion, adapted to revel vn an arlior u once arou ndits axis in a nun minute or othr sion of time. (in this arlior isi'ril'tlonally hold a hand or pointer ll, which, when the eloele work isin action, revolves with the arbor once in every minute or othersubdivision of time. The hand ii (an, however, liO turned freely on thearbor u, to which it is frictionall v milled in suiialilo manner, andfor the purpose of turning it ronvonionilyli hand it is provided with ahandle I), as shown.

The frame l of the (dock-work carries a dial D, which is divided fromits zeroqroint sulidivi board the vessel that carries; this trio.

traveling, as in ii in traveling from one of said narn d, in peculiarinanner vili, starting from. zero-point in thedire on oftln? arro inFig. l, which is the direction. in. Wliieh the hand or pointer 13 ismoved my the nine 1 Work, the dial first, shows a snxeti-on c, l in thedrawings is nnn'lced with the in l. 2 3, and is ot a length which. oorriW .-h the motion of the hand l-i time consumed by the giving of duringii a signal r,

next section of the dial f. adjoining the Sr tion e, is long as thesection 5, and oer-rosponds with the motion of the hand ii during by thedistant vessel. section f to the zero-point. (1, 1K 0 dial in thedirection oi": the a row, said dial divided into spaces indieatin twicethe dis tanee traveled ov soundthat i been aseerta. hundred and twentyFeet per el 0 ven .sond, oi

id i; hundred and eighty feet in live seconds dial is divided doublethat rate in. lionsinfiltratingioilesandparijstliereoil a i4 H118 7.1357H 1,)? 4L) '7! H3, M i 5') 5, do, on the dial int ate (lGdlilO distancein miles traveled by sonnd dnri' f the period of time consumed by thetwins. 1 in ii:

i will 1 other. In other m'l'ds, the 1 iii on travel from the end of theseer-i f mark 1 in a space ottinie equ consumed lay sound in traveling ti quarter oi a mile, die. Adjoining 1' there is a movable indoxdiand irile a rail g; for convenient adjustment, said index-hand ii inn}; besetover any dz.

' vessel is heard the hand Bhygthe clock-work will be moved that theyare,

By ihe another only, or the distant exchange'such signals as will permitthe one along the section of the dial. time the responding signalpointer 13 will have tra- 5 versed the section f of the dial plus somuch of the dial as corresponds to the time consumed by sound intraveling double the distance between the two vesse -s. Thus, if

' the vessels are one-quarter c" a mile apart, n and if the signal isgiven b, the one vessel I while thehand B passes the section e of thedial, the captain of such vessel will hear the opposite signal after thesound of his own signal has traveled to the distant vessel. The

1 5. distaht vessel having given. its signal in reply, (which consumestime corresponding to the length of the section f of the dish) afterfinally the sound of the last-mentioned signal has'reached thefirstvessel, by that time the 2'0 pointer B willbe opposite the mark lof the filial, indicating, therefore, that the vessels are one-quarterof a mile apart from one another. Immediately upon hearing thereturnsignal. the captain of the first vessel again 51 puts the hand ofhis clock to zero, again gives a replysignal, and will know when hereceives the return-signal whether the vessels are now nearer to dneanother than before or farther 1 3pm., In order to facilitate theseobserva- 30 tions, the movable index-hand E can be used to advantage, itbeing placed by the captain in line with the position of the pointer B.'00- chpied by the same at the time the distant signal was last heard.

Regulations connected with the use of this clock could be readilyarranged so that the". captains when ascertaining that the vesselsapproach one another, and when they find access say, one mile apart fromone shall both stop, with liberty to or the other of these vessels toproceed without risk of collision. In fact, the word Stop 1 may be puton the one-mile mark of the dial, the words Halt-Speed on the one, and ahalf-mile mark, &c. i am satisfied that by an intelligent use of thisclock collisions of sailing-vessels, and of steam-vessels especially,can be readiiy'avoided.

/Vhet I claim, and desire to secureby ters Patent, is-

1. A clock having a pointer B, and means.

for automatically moving the same, and a dial D, divided into sectionsindicating lineal measurement at the rate of double the distancetraveled by sound during the motion of the pointer B.

2. In a clock having a pointer 13, and means for automatically movingthe same, the dial D, having independent sections 6 f, and hav-' ing itsremaining portion divided into sections indicative of double thedistance traveled by sound during the motion of the pointerB,substantially as described.

3; In a clock having a pointer B, and means for automatically moving thesame, the dial D, having independent sections e f, and havin ,9; itsremaining portion divided into sections indicative of double thedistance traveled by sound during the motion of the pointer 15,121combination with the movable index-hand E,

, substantially as described.

NICHOLAS II. BORGFELDT. Witnesses: 1

CHARLES L. RUSSELL,

Let- 5o HARRY M. TURK.

